Stephen Hicks

Revolutionary justice: French versus American style

In 1770, tensions were high between the American colonists and their British rulers. Anxious soldiers confronting an angry mob precipitated the Boston Massacre. Eight soldiers were then put on trial for murder. The lawyer John Adams was a strong American patriot, yet he took on the defense of the British soldiers. His purpose was explicitly

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Freedom’s political justification —Amash example

A partial truth, but not relevant to justifying a free society politically. Why not? A free society respects and protects freedom in many domains: religious liberty, artistic freedom, romantic liberty, economic freedom, and so on.Take the first—religious liberty—as working example, and apply JA’s criteria, saying: “You should have religious freedom because you are fallible, inconsistent,

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David Kelley’s *The Evidence of the Senses*

2026 is the 40th anniversary of this important publication on the foundations of epistemology. “This book is a highly original defense of realism. David Kelley argues that perception is the discrimination of objects as entities, that the awareness of these objects is direct, and that perception is a reliable foundation for empirical knowledge. Kelley’s argument

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